Оценка эффективности сердечной ресинхронизирующей терапии у больных с хронической сердечной недостаточностью
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2. Голухова, Е. З. Оценка внутрижелудочковой асинхронии у больных ишемической болезнью сердца / Е. З. Голухова, Т. В. Машина, Д. В. Мрикаев, Н. Р. Гегечкори // Креативная кардиоло- гия. – 2009. – № 1. – С. 54–68.
3. Какучая, Т. Т. Тканевой допплер, деформация и скорость деформации миокарда в оценке функ- ции миокарда – концептуальные технические основы и применение в клинике / Т. Т. Каку- чая // Креативная кардиология. – 2008. – № 1. – С. 73–93.
4. Abraham, W. T. Cardiac resynchronization in chronic heart failure / W. T. Abraham, W. G. Fisher, A. L. Smith // N. Engl. J. Med. – 2002. – Vol. 346. – P. 1845–1853.
5. Bax, J. J. Cardiac resynchronization therapy. Part 1. Issues before device implantation / J. J. Bax, T. Abraham, S. S. Barold // J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. – 2005. – Vol. 46. – P. 2153–2167.
6. Bengel, F. M. Alterations of the sympathetic nervous system and metabolic performance of the cardiomyopathic heart / F. M. Bengel, B. Permanetter, M. Ungerer et al. // Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging. – 2002. – Vol. 29. – P. 198–202.
7. Bohs, L. N. A novel method for angle independent ultrasonic imaging of blood flow and tissue motion. IEEE / L. N. Bohs, G. E. Trahey // Trans. Biomed. Eng. – 1991. – Vol. 38. – P. 280–286.
8. De Lemos, J. A. B-type natriuretic peptide in cardiovascular disease / J. A. de Lemos, D. K. McGuire, M. H. Drazner // Lancet. – 2003. – Vol. 362. – P. 316–322.
9. Dickstein, K. ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2008: the Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure 2008 of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the Heart Failure Association of the ESC (HFA) and endorsed by the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) / K. Dickstein, A. Cohen-Solal, G. Filippatos et al. // Eur. Heart J. – 2008. – Vol. 29. – P. 2388–2442.
10. Doppler, C. A. Ьber das farbige licht der Doppelsterne und einiger anderer Gestirne des Himmels. Abhandlungen der kцnigl. bцhm / C. A. Doppler // Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften.– 1843. – Bd. 2. – S. 465–482.
11. Epstein, A. E. ACC/AHA/HRS 2008 Guidelines for Device-Based Therapy of Cardiac Rhythm Abnormalities: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the ACC/AHA/NASPE 2002 Guideline Update for Implantation of Cardiac Pacemakers and Antiarrhythmia Devices) developed in collaboration with the American Association for Thoracic Surgery and Society of Thoracic Surgeons / A. E. Epstein, J. P. DiMarco, K. A. Ellenbogen et al. // J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. – 2008. – Vol. 51. – P. e1–e62.
12. Imanaka-Yoshida, K. Tenascin-C modulates adhesion of cardiomyocytes to extracellular matrix during tissue remodeling after myocardial infarction / K. Imanaka-Yoshida, M. Hiroe, T. Nishikawa et al. // Lab. Invest. – 2001. – Vol. 81. – P. 1015–1024.
13. Imanaka-Yoshida, K. Interaction between cell and extracellular matrix in heart disease: multiple roles of tenascin-C in tissue remodeling / K. Imanaka- Yoshida, M. Hiroe, T. Yoshida // Histol. Histopathol. – 2004. – Vol. 19. – P. 517–525.
14. Imanaka-Yoshida, K. The dynamic expression of tenascin-C and tenascin-X during early heart development in the mouse / K. Imanaka-Yoshida, K. Matsumoto et al. // Differentiation. – 2003. – Vol. 71. – P. 291–298.
15. Isaaz, K. Doppler echocardiographic measurement of low velocity motion of the left ventricular posterior wall / K. Isaaz, A. Thompson, G. Ethevenot et al. // Am. J. Cardiol. – 1989. – Vol. 64. – P. 66–75.
16. Jugdutt, B. I. Matrix metalloproteinases as markers of adverse remodeling after myocardial infarction / B. I. Jugdutt // J. Card. Fail. – 2006. – Vol. 12. – P. 73–76.
17. Leitman, M. Two-dimensional strain-a novel software for real-time quantitative echocardiographic assessment of myocardial function / M. Leitman, P. Lysyansky, S. Sidenko et al. // J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr. – 2004. – Vol. 17. – P. 1021–1029.
18. Linde, C. Long-term benefits of biventricular pacing in congestive heart failure: results from the MUltisite STimulation in cardiomyopathy (MUSTIC) study / C. Linde, C. Leclercq, S. Rex // J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. – 2002. – Vol. 40. – P. 111–118.
19. Lindner, O. Effect of cardiac resynchronization therapy on global and regional oxygen consumption and myocardial blood flow in patients with nonischaemic and ischaemic cardiomyopathy / O. Lindner, J. Vogt, A. Kammeier et al. // Eur. Heart J. – 2005. – Vol. 26. – P. 70–76.
20. Merlet, P. Prognostic value of cardiac metaiodobenzylguanidine imaging in patients with heart failure / P. Merlet, H. Valette, J. L. Dubois- Rande et al. // J. Nucl. Med. – 1992. – Vol. 33. – P. 471–477.
21. Morimoto, S. Diagnostic utility of tenascin-C for evaluation of the activity of human acute myocarditis / S. Morimoto, K. Imanaka-Yoshida, S. Hiramitsu et al. // J. Pathol. – 2005. – Vol. 205. – P. 460–467.
22. Nesser, H. J. Quantification of left ventricular volumes using threedimensional echocardiographic speckle tracking; comparison with MRI / H. J. Nesser, V. Mor-Avi, W. Gorissen et al. // Eur. Heart J. – 2009. – Vol. 30. – P. 1565–1573.
23. Parisi, A. F. Quantitative detection of regional left ventricular contraction abnormalities by twodimensional echocardiography, II: accuracy in coronary artery disease / A. F. Parisi, P. F. Moynihan, E. D. Folland, C. L. Feldman // Circulation. – 1981. – Vol. 63. – P. 761–767.
24. Pirat, B. Evaluation of global and regional right ventricular systolic function in patients with pulmonary hypertension using a novel speckle tracking method / B. Pirat, M. L. McCulloch, W. A. Zoghbi // Am. J. Cardiol. – 2006. – Vol. 98. – P. 699–704.
25. Sato, A. Serum tenascin-C might be a novel predictor of left ventricular remodeling and prognosis after acute myocardial infarction / A. Sato, K. Aonuma, K. Imanaka-Yoshida et al. // J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. – 2006. – Vol. 47. – P. 2319–2325.
26. Spinale, F. G. Matrix metalloproteinases: regulation and dysregulation in the failing heart / F. G. Spinale // Circ. Res. – 2002.– Vol. 90.– P. 520–530.
27. Stewart, S. The current cost of heart failure to the National Health Service in the UK / S. Stewart, A. Jenkins, S. Buchan et al. // Eur. J. Heart Fail. – 2002. – Vol. 4. – P. 361–371.
28. Stolen, K. Q. Exercise training improves biventricular oxidative metabolism and left ventricular efficiency in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy / K. Q. Stolen, J. Kemppainen, H. Ukkonen et al. // J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. – 2003. – Vol. 41. – P. 460–467.
29. Sundell, J. The effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy on left ventricular function, myocardial energetics, and metabolic reserve in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure / J. Sundell, E. Engblom, J. Koistinen et al. // J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. – 2004. – Vol. 43. – P. 1027–1033.
30. Tong, C. Assessment of righ tventricular free wall longitudinal myocardial deformation using speckle tracking imaging in normal subjects / C. Tong, C. Li, J.Song // J. Huazhong Univ. Sci. Technolog. Med. Sci. – 2008. – Vol. 28. – P. 194–196.
31. Ukkonen, H. Effect of cardiac resynchronization on myocardial efficiency and regional oxidative metabolism / H. Ukkonen, R. S. Beanlands, I. G. Burwashn et al. // Circulation. – 2003. – Vol. 107. – P. 28–31.
32. Van Veldhuisen, D. J. Implementation of device therapy (cardiac resynchronization therapy and implantable cardioverter defibrillator) for patients with heartfailure in Europe: changes from 2004 to 2008 / D. J. Van Veldhuisen, A. H. Maass, S. G. Priori et al. // Eur. J. Heart Fail. – 2009. – Vol. 11. – P. 1143–1151.
33. Vardas, P. E. Guidelines for cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy: the Task Force for Cardiac Pacing and Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association / P. E. Vardas, A. Auricchio, J. J. Blanc et al. // Eur. Heart J. – 2007. – Vol. 28. – P. 2256–2295.
34. Visser, C. A. Apex two-dimensional echocardiography: alternative approach to quantification of acute myocardial infarction / A. F. Parisi, P. F. Moynihan, E. D. Folland et al. // Br. Heart J. – 1982. – Vol. 47. – P. 461–467.
35. Vitarelli, A. Echocardiographic assessment of ventricular asynchrony in dilated cardiomyopathy and congenital heart disease: tools and hopes / A. Vitarelli, P. Franciosa, Y. Conde et al. // J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr. – 2005. – Vol. 18. – P. 1424–1439.
36. Wagner, D. R. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 is a marker of heart failure after acute myocardial infarction / D. R. Wagner, C. Delagardelle, I. Ernens et al. // J. Card. Fail. – 2006. – Vol. 12. – P. 66–72.
37. Yu, C. M. Assessment of left and right ventricular systolic and diastolic synchronicity in normal subjects by tissue Doppler echocardiography and the effects of age and heart rate / C. M. Yu, H. Lin, P. C. Ho, H. Yang // Echocardiography. – 2003. – Vol. 20. – P. 19–27.
38. Yu, C. M. Tissue Doppler velocity is superior to displacement and strain mapping in predicting left ventricular reverse remodeling response after cardiac resynchronization therapy / C. M. Yu, Q. Zhang, Y. S. Chan et al. // Heart. – 2006. – Vol. 19. – P. 422–428.
39. Zhang, Q. A novel multi-layer approach of measuring myocardial strain and torsion by 2D speckle tracking imaging in normal subjects and patients with heart diseases / Q. Zhang, F. Fang, Y. J. Liang // Int. J. Cardiol. – 2009; Epub ahead of print.
Abstract
Cardiac resynchronized therapy is a branch of electric cardiac stimulation in the therapy of chronic cardiac failure (CCF) the main importance in which is paid to restoration of changed myocardial functions induced by intracardiac conduction disturbances. Such intracardiac conduction disturbances may be evident as electromechanical «dyssinchrony» with activation and left ventricular (LV) contraction delay. The main efforts in the treatment of CCF should be made to restore heart capacity to engorge with blood during diastole and effectively contract during systole (Novikov V. I., Samoylovich T. M., 2001). Electric cardiac stimulation techniques application makes it possible not only to restore rhythm and contraction disturbances but also to improve systolic and diastolic myocardial function. Various US-diagnostic techniques which will be discussed in this paper are used to evaluate CRT efficiency.References
1. Голухова, Е. З. Критерии отбора пациентов на сердечную ресинхронизационную терапию: «кому достанется главная роль?» / Е. З. Голухова, Т. В. Машина, Д. В. Мрикаев // Креативная кардиология. – 2007. – № 1–2. – С. 118–126.2. Голухова, Е. З. Оценка внутрижелудочковой асинхронии у больных ишемической болезнью сердца / Е. З. Голухова, Т. В. Машина, Д. В. Мрикаев, Н. Р. Гегечкори // Креативная кардиоло- гия. – 2009. – № 1. – С. 54–68.
3. Какучая, Т. Т. Тканевой допплер, деформация и скорость деформации миокарда в оценке функ- ции миокарда – концептуальные технические основы и применение в клинике / Т. Т. Каку- чая // Креативная кардиология. – 2008. – № 1. – С. 73–93.
4. Abraham, W. T. Cardiac resynchronization in chronic heart failure / W. T. Abraham, W. G. Fisher, A. L. Smith // N. Engl. J. Med. – 2002. – Vol. 346. – P. 1845–1853.
5. Bax, J. J. Cardiac resynchronization therapy. Part 1. Issues before device implantation / J. J. Bax, T. Abraham, S. S. Barold // J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. – 2005. – Vol. 46. – P. 2153–2167.
6. Bengel, F. M. Alterations of the sympathetic nervous system and metabolic performance of the cardiomyopathic heart / F. M. Bengel, B. Permanetter, M. Ungerer et al. // Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging. – 2002. – Vol. 29. – P. 198–202.
7. Bohs, L. N. A novel method for angle independent ultrasonic imaging of blood flow and tissue motion. IEEE / L. N. Bohs, G. E. Trahey // Trans. Biomed. Eng. – 1991. – Vol. 38. – P. 280–286.
8. De Lemos, J. A. B-type natriuretic peptide in cardiovascular disease / J. A. de Lemos, D. K. McGuire, M. H. Drazner // Lancet. – 2003. – Vol. 362. – P. 316–322.
9. Dickstein, K. ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2008: the Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure 2008 of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the Heart Failure Association of the ESC (HFA) and endorsed by the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) / K. Dickstein, A. Cohen-Solal, G. Filippatos et al. // Eur. Heart J. – 2008. – Vol. 29. – P. 2388–2442.
10. Doppler, C. A. Ьber das farbige licht der Doppelsterne und einiger anderer Gestirne des Himmels. Abhandlungen der kцnigl. bцhm / C. A. Doppler // Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften.– 1843. – Bd. 2. – S. 465–482.
11. Epstein, A. E. ACC/AHA/HRS 2008 Guidelines for Device-Based Therapy of Cardiac Rhythm Abnormalities: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the ACC/AHA/NASPE 2002 Guideline Update for Implantation of Cardiac Pacemakers and Antiarrhythmia Devices) developed in collaboration with the American Association for Thoracic Surgery and Society of Thoracic Surgeons / A. E. Epstein, J. P. DiMarco, K. A. Ellenbogen et al. // J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. – 2008. – Vol. 51. – P. e1–e62.
12. Imanaka-Yoshida, K. Tenascin-C modulates adhesion of cardiomyocytes to extracellular matrix during tissue remodeling after myocardial infarction / K. Imanaka-Yoshida, M. Hiroe, T. Nishikawa et al. // Lab. Invest. – 2001. – Vol. 81. – P. 1015–1024.
13. Imanaka-Yoshida, K. Interaction between cell and extracellular matrix in heart disease: multiple roles of tenascin-C in tissue remodeling / K. Imanaka- Yoshida, M. Hiroe, T. Yoshida // Histol. Histopathol. – 2004. – Vol. 19. – P. 517–525.
14. Imanaka-Yoshida, K. The dynamic expression of tenascin-C and tenascin-X during early heart development in the mouse / K. Imanaka-Yoshida, K. Matsumoto et al. // Differentiation. – 2003. – Vol. 71. – P. 291–298.
15. Isaaz, K. Doppler echocardiographic measurement of low velocity motion of the left ventricular posterior wall / K. Isaaz, A. Thompson, G. Ethevenot et al. // Am. J. Cardiol. – 1989. – Vol. 64. – P. 66–75.
16. Jugdutt, B. I. Matrix metalloproteinases as markers of adverse remodeling after myocardial infarction / B. I. Jugdutt // J. Card. Fail. – 2006. – Vol. 12. – P. 73–76.
17. Leitman, M. Two-dimensional strain-a novel software for real-time quantitative echocardiographic assessment of myocardial function / M. Leitman, P. Lysyansky, S. Sidenko et al. // J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr. – 2004. – Vol. 17. – P. 1021–1029.
18. Linde, C. Long-term benefits of biventricular pacing in congestive heart failure: results from the MUltisite STimulation in cardiomyopathy (MUSTIC) study / C. Linde, C. Leclercq, S. Rex // J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. – 2002. – Vol. 40. – P. 111–118.
19. Lindner, O. Effect of cardiac resynchronization therapy on global and regional oxygen consumption and myocardial blood flow in patients with nonischaemic and ischaemic cardiomyopathy / O. Lindner, J. Vogt, A. Kammeier et al. // Eur. Heart J. – 2005. – Vol. 26. – P. 70–76.
20. Merlet, P. Prognostic value of cardiac metaiodobenzylguanidine imaging in patients with heart failure / P. Merlet, H. Valette, J. L. Dubois- Rande et al. // J. Nucl. Med. – 1992. – Vol. 33. – P. 471–477.
21. Morimoto, S. Diagnostic utility of tenascin-C for evaluation of the activity of human acute myocarditis / S. Morimoto, K. Imanaka-Yoshida, S. Hiramitsu et al. // J. Pathol. – 2005. – Vol. 205. – P. 460–467.
22. Nesser, H. J. Quantification of left ventricular volumes using threedimensional echocardiographic speckle tracking; comparison with MRI / H. J. Nesser, V. Mor-Avi, W. Gorissen et al. // Eur. Heart J. – 2009. – Vol. 30. – P. 1565–1573.
23. Parisi, A. F. Quantitative detection of regional left ventricular contraction abnormalities by twodimensional echocardiography, II: accuracy in coronary artery disease / A. F. Parisi, P. F. Moynihan, E. D. Folland, C. L. Feldman // Circulation. – 1981. – Vol. 63. – P. 761–767.
24. Pirat, B. Evaluation of global and regional right ventricular systolic function in patients with pulmonary hypertension using a novel speckle tracking method / B. Pirat, M. L. McCulloch, W. A. Zoghbi // Am. J. Cardiol. – 2006. – Vol. 98. – P. 699–704.
25. Sato, A. Serum tenascin-C might be a novel predictor of left ventricular remodeling and prognosis after acute myocardial infarction / A. Sato, K. Aonuma, K. Imanaka-Yoshida et al. // J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. – 2006. – Vol. 47. – P. 2319–2325.
26. Spinale, F. G. Matrix metalloproteinases: regulation and dysregulation in the failing heart / F. G. Spinale // Circ. Res. – 2002.– Vol. 90.– P. 520–530.
27. Stewart, S. The current cost of heart failure to the National Health Service in the UK / S. Stewart, A. Jenkins, S. Buchan et al. // Eur. J. Heart Fail. – 2002. – Vol. 4. – P. 361–371.
28. Stolen, K. Q. Exercise training improves biventricular oxidative metabolism and left ventricular efficiency in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy / K. Q. Stolen, J. Kemppainen, H. Ukkonen et al. // J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. – 2003. – Vol. 41. – P. 460–467.
29. Sundell, J. The effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy on left ventricular function, myocardial energetics, and metabolic reserve in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure / J. Sundell, E. Engblom, J. Koistinen et al. // J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. – 2004. – Vol. 43. – P. 1027–1033.
30. Tong, C. Assessment of righ tventricular free wall longitudinal myocardial deformation using speckle tracking imaging in normal subjects / C. Tong, C. Li, J.Song // J. Huazhong Univ. Sci. Technolog. Med. Sci. – 2008. – Vol. 28. – P. 194–196.
31. Ukkonen, H. Effect of cardiac resynchronization on myocardial efficiency and regional oxidative metabolism / H. Ukkonen, R. S. Beanlands, I. G. Burwashn et al. // Circulation. – 2003. – Vol. 107. – P. 28–31.
32. Van Veldhuisen, D. J. Implementation of device therapy (cardiac resynchronization therapy and implantable cardioverter defibrillator) for patients with heartfailure in Europe: changes from 2004 to 2008 / D. J. Van Veldhuisen, A. H. Maass, S. G. Priori et al. // Eur. J. Heart Fail. – 2009. – Vol. 11. – P. 1143–1151.
33. Vardas, P. E. Guidelines for cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy: the Task Force for Cardiac Pacing and Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association / P. E. Vardas, A. Auricchio, J. J. Blanc et al. // Eur. Heart J. – 2007. – Vol. 28. – P. 2256–2295.
34. Visser, C. A. Apex two-dimensional echocardiography: alternative approach to quantification of acute myocardial infarction / A. F. Parisi, P. F. Moynihan, E. D. Folland et al. // Br. Heart J. – 1982. – Vol. 47. – P. 461–467.
35. Vitarelli, A. Echocardiographic assessment of ventricular asynchrony in dilated cardiomyopathy and congenital heart disease: tools and hopes / A. Vitarelli, P. Franciosa, Y. Conde et al. // J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr. – 2005. – Vol. 18. – P. 1424–1439.
36. Wagner, D. R. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 is a marker of heart failure after acute myocardial infarction / D. R. Wagner, C. Delagardelle, I. Ernens et al. // J. Card. Fail. – 2006. – Vol. 12. – P. 66–72.
37. Yu, C. M. Assessment of left and right ventricular systolic and diastolic synchronicity in normal subjects by tissue Doppler echocardiography and the effects of age and heart rate / C. M. Yu, H. Lin, P. C. Ho, H. Yang // Echocardiography. – 2003. – Vol. 20. – P. 19–27.
38. Yu, C. M. Tissue Doppler velocity is superior to displacement and strain mapping in predicting left ventricular reverse remodeling response after cardiac resynchronization therapy / C. M. Yu, Q. Zhang, Y. S. Chan et al. // Heart. – 2006. – Vol. 19. – P. 422–428.
39. Zhang, Q. A novel multi-layer approach of measuring myocardial strain and torsion by 2D speckle tracking imaging in normal subjects and patients with heart diseases / Q. Zhang, F. Fang, Y. J. Liang // Int. J. Cardiol. – 2009; Epub ahead of print.
