Atrium fibrillation and enlargement of left heart chambers:pathological mechanisms of cognitive dysfunctionin cardiologic patients
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Company: A.N. Bakoulev Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery; Rublevskoe shosse, 135, Moscow, 121552, Russian Federation
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Keywords: atrial fibrillation antagonists vitamin K novel oral anticoagulants stroke prevention
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2. Морозова Т.Е., Рыкова С.М. Сердечно-сосудис тые заболевания и когнитивные нарушения. Consilium medicum. 2010; 12 (9): 12–6.
3. Golukhova E.Z., Polunina A.G., Zhuravleva S.V., Lefterova N.P., Begachev A.V. Size of left cardiac chambers correlates with cerebral microembolic load in open heart operations. Cardiol. Res. Pract. 2010; 2010: 143679.
4. Gaita F., Corsinovi L., Anselmino M., Raimondo C., Pianelli M., Toso E., Bergamasco L., Boffano C., Valentini M.C., Cesarani F., Scaglione M. Prevalence of silent cerebral ischemia in paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation and correlation with cognitive function. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2013; 62 (21): 1990–7.
5. Salehi R., Enamzadeh E., Goldust M. Study of cognitive disorders in stroke–free patients with a history of atrial fibrillation. Pak. J. Biol. Sci. 2013; 16 (1): 44–7.
6. Ball J., Carrington M.J., Stewart S. SAFETY investigators. Mild cognitive impairment in high-risk patients with chronic atrial fibrillation: a forgotten component of clinical management? Heart. 2013; 99 (8): 542–7.
7. Деревнина Е.С., Акимова Н.С., Мартынович Т.В. и др. Когнитивные нарушения при фибрилля ции предсердий на фоне сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Анналы аритмологии. 2013; 10 (2): 87–94. DOI: 10.15275/annaritmol.2013.2.4.
8. Muqtadar H., Testai F.D., Gorelick P.B. The dementia of cardiac disease. Curr. Cardiol. Rep. 2012; 14 (6): 732–40.
9. Justin B.N., Turek M., Hakim A.M. Heart disease as a risk factor for dementia. Clin. Epidemiol. 2013; 5: 135–45.
10. Brown W.R., Thore C.R. Review: cerebral microvascular pathology in ageing and neurodegeneration. Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol. 2011; 37 (1): 56–74.
11. Goldberg I., Auriel E., Russell D., Korczyn A.D. Microembolism, silent brain infarcts and dementia. J. Neurol. Sci. 2012; 322 (1–2): 250–3.
12. Georgiadis D., Lindner A., Manz M., Sonntag M., Zunker P., Zerkowski H.R., Borggrefe M. Intracranial microembolic signals in 500 patients with potential cardiac or carotid embolic source and in normal controls. Stroke. 1997; 28: 1203–7.
13. Nabavi D.G., Arato S., Droste D.W., Schulte- Altedorneburg G., Kemйny V., Reinecke H., Borggrefe M., Breithardt G., Ringelstein E.B. Microembolic load in asymptomatic patients with cardiac aneurysm, severe ventricular dysfunction, and atrial fibrillation. Clinical and hemorheological correlates. Cerebrovasc. Dis. 1998; 8 (4): 214–21.
14. Kumral E., Balkir K., Uzuner N., Evyapan D., Nalbantgil S. Microembolic signal detection in patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic lone atrial fibrillation. Cerebrovasc. Dis. 2001; 12: 192–6.
15. Stefansdottir H., Arnar D.O., Aspelund T., Sigurdsson S., Jonsdottir M.K., Hjaltason H., Launer L.J., Gudnason V. Atrial fibrillation is associated with reduced brain volume and cognitive function independent of cerebral infarcts. Stroke. 2013; 44 (4): 1020–5.
16. Marzona I., O'Donnell M., Teo K., Gao P., Anderson C., Bosch J., Yusuf S. Increased risk of cognitive and functional decline in patients with atrial fibrillation: results of the ONTARGET and TRANSCEND studies. CMAJ. 2012; 184 (6): E329–36.
17. Kalantarian S., Stern T.A., Mansour M., Ruskin J.N. Cognitive impairment associated with atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis. Ann. Intern. Med. 2013; 158 (5 Pt 1): 338–46.
18. Thacker E.L., McKnight B., Psaty B.M., Longstreth W.T., Jr, Sitlani C.M., Dublin S., Arnold A.M., Fitzpatrick A.L., Gottesman R.F., Heckbert S.R. Atrial fibrillation and cognitive decline: a longitudinal cohort study. Neurology. 2013; 81 (2): 119–25.
19. Inoue H., Nozawa T., Okumura K., Jong-Dae L., Shimizu A., Yano K. Prothrombotic activity is increased in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and risk factors for embolism. Chest. 2004; 126: 687–92.
20. Barber M., Tait R.C., Scott J., Rumley A., Lowe G.D., Stott D.J. Dementia in subjects with atrial fibrillation: hemostatic function and the role of anticoagulation. J. Thromb. Haemost. 2004; 2: 1873–8.
21. O'Connell J.E., Gray C.S., French J.M., Robertson I.H. Atrial fibrillation and cognitive function: case-control study. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry. 1998; 65: 386–9.
22. Kilander L., Andrйn B., Nyman H., Lind L., Boberg M., Lithell H. Atrial fibrillation is an independent determinant of low cognitive function. Stroke. 1998; 29 (9): 1816–20.
23. Knecht S., Oelschlдger C., Duning T. et al. Atrial fibrillation in stroke-free patients is associated with memory impairment and hippocampal atrophy. Eur. Heart J. 2008; 29 (17): 2125–32.
24. Puccio D., Novo G., Baiamonte V., Nuccio A., Fazio G., Corrado E., Coppola G., Muratori I., Vernuccio L., Novo S. Atrial fibrillation and mild cognitive impairment: what correlation? Minerva Cardioangiol. 2009; 57 (2): 143–50.
25. Duron E., Hanon O. Vascular risk factors, cognitive decline, and dementia. Vasc. Health Risk Manag. 2008; 4 (2): 363–81.
26. Bellomo A., De Benedetto G., Fossati C. et al. Atrial fibrillation (AF) and cognitive impairment in the elderly: a case-control study. Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. 2012; 55 (2): 247–50.
27. Miyasaka Y., Barnes M.E., Petersen R.C. et al. Risk of dementia in stroke-free patients diagnosed with atrial fibrillation: data from a community-based cohort. Eur. Heart J. 2007; 28 (16): 1962–7.
28. Karadag B., Ozyigit T., Ozben B., Kayaoglu S., Altuntas Y. Relationship between left atrial volume index and cognitive decline in elderly patients with sinus rhythm. J. Clin. Neurosci. 2013; 20 (8): 1074–8.
29. Piotrowski G., Banach M., Gerdts E., Mikhailidis D.P., Hannam S., Gawor R., Stasiak A., Rysz J., Gawor Z. Left atrial size in hypertension and stroke. J. Hypertens. 2011; 29 (10): 1988–93.
30. Alosco M.L., Gunstad J., Jerskey B.A., Clark U.S., Hassenstab J.J., Xu X., Poppas A., Cohen R.A., Sweet L.H. Left atrial size is independently associated with cognitive function. Int. J. Neurosci. 2013; 123 (8): 544–52.
31. Бокерия Л.А., Голухова Е.З., Полунина А.Г., Бегачев А.В., Журавлева С.В., Лефтерова Н.П. Церебральный кровоток при операциях с искусственным кровообращением. Креативная кардиология. 2010; 1: 97–108.
32. Бокерия Л.А., Полунина А.Г., Голухова Е.3., Брескина Н.Ю., Бегачев А.В., Журавлева С.В., Лефтерова Н.П. Микроэмболизация церебрального кровотока при операциях с искусственным кровообращением: интраоперационные, гемореологические и эхокардиографические корреляты. Анналы хирургии. 2009; 6: 79–87.
33. Бокерия Л.А., Полунина А.Г., Лефтерова Н.П., Воеводина В.М., Шумков К.В., Лукашкин М.А., Голухова Е.З. Микроэмболия как главная причина церебральных осложнений при операциях с искусственным кровообращением. Практическая ангиология. 2009; 3 (1).
34. Golukhova E.Z., Polunina A.G., Lefterova N.P., Begachev A.V. Electroencephalography as a tool for assessment of brain ischemic alterations after open heart operations. Stroke Res. Treat. 2011; 2011: 980873.
35. Verdecchia P., Porcellati C., Reboldi G., Gattobigio R., Borgioni C., Pearson T.A., Ambrosio G., Ambrosio G. Left ventricular hypertrophy as an independent predictor of acute cerebrovascular events in essential hypertension. Circulation. 2001; 13: 2039–44.
36. Vasan R.S., Larson M.G., Benjamin E.J., Evans J.C., Levy D. Left ventricular dilatation and the risk of congestive heart failure in people without myocardial infarction. N. Engl. J. Med. 1997; 13: 1350–5.
37. Anselmino M., De Ferrari G.M., Massa R., Manca L., Tritto M., Molon G., Curnis A., Devecchi P., Sarzi Braga S., Bartesaghi G., Klersy C., Accardi F., Salerno-Uriarte J.A. ALPHA Study Group Investigators. Predictors of mortality and hospitalization for cardiac causes in patients with heart failure and nonischemic heart disease: a subanalysis of the ALPHA study. Pacing Clin. Pathophysiol. 2009; 13 (Suppl. 1): S214–8.
38. Jefferson A.L., Himali J.J., Au R., Seshadri S., Decarli C., O'Donnell C.J., Wolf P.A., Manning W.J., Beiser A.S., Benjamin E.J. Relation of left ventricular ejection fraction to cognitive aging (from the Framingham Heart Study). Am. J. Cardiol. 2011; 13: 1346–51.
39. Athilingam P., King K.B. Heart and brain matters in heart failure: A literature review. J. N. Y. State Nurses Assoc. 2007; 38: 13–9.
40. Sila C.A. Cognitive impairment in chronic heart failure. Cleve. Clin. J. Med. 2007; 74 (Suppl. 1): S132–7.
41. Vogels R.L., Scheltens P., Schroeder-Tanka J.M., Weinstein H.C. Cognitive impairment in heart failure: A systematic review of the literature. Eur. J. Heart Fail. 2007; 9: 440–9.
42. Harkness K., Demers C., Heckman G.A., McKelvie R.S. Screening for cognitive deficits using the montreal cognitive assessment tool in outpatients ≥65 years of age with heart failure. Am. J. Cardiol. 2011; 107: 1203–7.
43. Hajduk A.M., Kiefe C.I., Person Sh.D., Gore J.G., Saczynski J.S. Cognitive change in heart failure: A systematic review. Circ. Cardiovasc. Qual. Outcomes. 2013; 6 (4): 10.
44. Шестакова М.В., Василенко А.Ф., Григоричева Е.А., Карпова М.И., Шамуров Ю.С., Епанешникова Н.В., Истомина В.В. Когнитивные функции у пациентов с хронической сердечной недостаточностью. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. 2014; 6: 70–3.
45. Nagai M., Kario K. Ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and their effects on cognitive function. Nihon Rinsho. 2014; 72 (4): 715–20.
46. Kindermann I., Fischer D., Karbach J., Link A., Walenta K., Barth C., Ukena C., Mahfoud F., Kцllner V., Kindermann M., Bцhm M. Cognitive function in patients with decompensated heart failure: the Cognitive Impairment in Heart Failure (CogImpair- HF) study. Eur. J. Heart Fail. 2012; 14 (4): 404–13.
Abstract
The problem of cognitive dysfunction in patients with cardiovascular disorders is intensively studied at present. Deficit of cognitive functions leads to the reduced patient compliance and, as a consequence, to the decreased efficiency of the treatment. Patients with atrial fibrillation and patients with enlarged left heart chambers regularly demonstrate proneness to hypercoagulation, hypoperfusion and microemboli at cerebral circulation, which lead to development of multiple ischemic lesions and neurotrophic alterations, which underlie the cognitive dysfunction. Multiple studies showed that atrial fibrillation is an independent risk factor of cognitive dysfunction in patients after strokе and patients with normal neurological status. The association between enlarged heart chambers and cognitive dysfunction is less investigated, however, several studies in this field showed this association to be significant.References
1. Бокерия Л.А., Полунина А.Г., Бегачев А.В., Журавлева С.В., Лефтерова Н.П., Голухова Е.З. Ишемическое повреждение головного мозга в кардиохирургии: морфологические корреляты и этиологическая значимость микроэмболов и гипоперфузии. Креативная кардиология. 2008; 1: 103–14.2. Морозова Т.Е., Рыкова С.М. Сердечно-сосудис тые заболевания и когнитивные нарушения. Consilium medicum. 2010; 12 (9): 12–6.
3. Golukhova E.Z., Polunina A.G., Zhuravleva S.V., Lefterova N.P., Begachev A.V. Size of left cardiac chambers correlates with cerebral microembolic load in open heart operations. Cardiol. Res. Pract. 2010; 2010: 143679.
4. Gaita F., Corsinovi L., Anselmino M., Raimondo C., Pianelli M., Toso E., Bergamasco L., Boffano C., Valentini M.C., Cesarani F., Scaglione M. Prevalence of silent cerebral ischemia in paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation and correlation with cognitive function. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2013; 62 (21): 1990–7.
5. Salehi R., Enamzadeh E., Goldust M. Study of cognitive disorders in stroke–free patients with a history of atrial fibrillation. Pak. J. Biol. Sci. 2013; 16 (1): 44–7.
6. Ball J., Carrington M.J., Stewart S. SAFETY investigators. Mild cognitive impairment in high-risk patients with chronic atrial fibrillation: a forgotten component of clinical management? Heart. 2013; 99 (8): 542–7.
7. Деревнина Е.С., Акимова Н.С., Мартынович Т.В. и др. Когнитивные нарушения при фибрилля ции предсердий на фоне сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Анналы аритмологии. 2013; 10 (2): 87–94. DOI: 10.15275/annaritmol.2013.2.4.
8. Muqtadar H., Testai F.D., Gorelick P.B. The dementia of cardiac disease. Curr. Cardiol. Rep. 2012; 14 (6): 732–40.
9. Justin B.N., Turek M., Hakim A.M. Heart disease as a risk factor for dementia. Clin. Epidemiol. 2013; 5: 135–45.
10. Brown W.R., Thore C.R. Review: cerebral microvascular pathology in ageing and neurodegeneration. Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol. 2011; 37 (1): 56–74.
11. Goldberg I., Auriel E., Russell D., Korczyn A.D. Microembolism, silent brain infarcts and dementia. J. Neurol. Sci. 2012; 322 (1–2): 250–3.
12. Georgiadis D., Lindner A., Manz M., Sonntag M., Zunker P., Zerkowski H.R., Borggrefe M. Intracranial microembolic signals in 500 patients with potential cardiac or carotid embolic source and in normal controls. Stroke. 1997; 28: 1203–7.
13. Nabavi D.G., Arato S., Droste D.W., Schulte- Altedorneburg G., Kemйny V., Reinecke H., Borggrefe M., Breithardt G., Ringelstein E.B. Microembolic load in asymptomatic patients with cardiac aneurysm, severe ventricular dysfunction, and atrial fibrillation. Clinical and hemorheological correlates. Cerebrovasc. Dis. 1998; 8 (4): 214–21.
14. Kumral E., Balkir K., Uzuner N., Evyapan D., Nalbantgil S. Microembolic signal detection in patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic lone atrial fibrillation. Cerebrovasc. Dis. 2001; 12: 192–6.
15. Stefansdottir H., Arnar D.O., Aspelund T., Sigurdsson S., Jonsdottir M.K., Hjaltason H., Launer L.J., Gudnason V. Atrial fibrillation is associated with reduced brain volume and cognitive function independent of cerebral infarcts. Stroke. 2013; 44 (4): 1020–5.
16. Marzona I., O'Donnell M., Teo K., Gao P., Anderson C., Bosch J., Yusuf S. Increased risk of cognitive and functional decline in patients with atrial fibrillation: results of the ONTARGET and TRANSCEND studies. CMAJ. 2012; 184 (6): E329–36.
17. Kalantarian S., Stern T.A., Mansour M., Ruskin J.N. Cognitive impairment associated with atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis. Ann. Intern. Med. 2013; 158 (5 Pt 1): 338–46.
18. Thacker E.L., McKnight B., Psaty B.M., Longstreth W.T., Jr, Sitlani C.M., Dublin S., Arnold A.M., Fitzpatrick A.L., Gottesman R.F., Heckbert S.R. Atrial fibrillation and cognitive decline: a longitudinal cohort study. Neurology. 2013; 81 (2): 119–25.
19. Inoue H., Nozawa T., Okumura K., Jong-Dae L., Shimizu A., Yano K. Prothrombotic activity is increased in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and risk factors for embolism. Chest. 2004; 126: 687–92.
20. Barber M., Tait R.C., Scott J., Rumley A., Lowe G.D., Stott D.J. Dementia in subjects with atrial fibrillation: hemostatic function and the role of anticoagulation. J. Thromb. Haemost. 2004; 2: 1873–8.
21. O'Connell J.E., Gray C.S., French J.M., Robertson I.H. Atrial fibrillation and cognitive function: case-control study. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry. 1998; 65: 386–9.
22. Kilander L., Andrйn B., Nyman H., Lind L., Boberg M., Lithell H. Atrial fibrillation is an independent determinant of low cognitive function. Stroke. 1998; 29 (9): 1816–20.
23. Knecht S., Oelschlдger C., Duning T. et al. Atrial fibrillation in stroke-free patients is associated with memory impairment and hippocampal atrophy. Eur. Heart J. 2008; 29 (17): 2125–32.
24. Puccio D., Novo G., Baiamonte V., Nuccio A., Fazio G., Corrado E., Coppola G., Muratori I., Vernuccio L., Novo S. Atrial fibrillation and mild cognitive impairment: what correlation? Minerva Cardioangiol. 2009; 57 (2): 143–50.
25. Duron E., Hanon O. Vascular risk factors, cognitive decline, and dementia. Vasc. Health Risk Manag. 2008; 4 (2): 363–81.
26. Bellomo A., De Benedetto G., Fossati C. et al. Atrial fibrillation (AF) and cognitive impairment in the elderly: a case-control study. Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. 2012; 55 (2): 247–50.
27. Miyasaka Y., Barnes M.E., Petersen R.C. et al. Risk of dementia in stroke-free patients diagnosed with atrial fibrillation: data from a community-based cohort. Eur. Heart J. 2007; 28 (16): 1962–7.
28. Karadag B., Ozyigit T., Ozben B., Kayaoglu S., Altuntas Y. Relationship between left atrial volume index and cognitive decline in elderly patients with sinus rhythm. J. Clin. Neurosci. 2013; 20 (8): 1074–8.
29. Piotrowski G., Banach M., Gerdts E., Mikhailidis D.P., Hannam S., Gawor R., Stasiak A., Rysz J., Gawor Z. Left atrial size in hypertension and stroke. J. Hypertens. 2011; 29 (10): 1988–93.
30. Alosco M.L., Gunstad J., Jerskey B.A., Clark U.S., Hassenstab J.J., Xu X., Poppas A., Cohen R.A., Sweet L.H. Left atrial size is independently associated with cognitive function. Int. J. Neurosci. 2013; 123 (8): 544–52.
31. Бокерия Л.А., Голухова Е.З., Полунина А.Г., Бегачев А.В., Журавлева С.В., Лефтерова Н.П. Церебральный кровоток при операциях с искусственным кровообращением. Креативная кардиология. 2010; 1: 97–108.
32. Бокерия Л.А., Полунина А.Г., Голухова Е.3., Брескина Н.Ю., Бегачев А.В., Журавлева С.В., Лефтерова Н.П. Микроэмболизация церебрального кровотока при операциях с искусственным кровообращением: интраоперационные, гемореологические и эхокардиографические корреляты. Анналы хирургии. 2009; 6: 79–87.
33. Бокерия Л.А., Полунина А.Г., Лефтерова Н.П., Воеводина В.М., Шумков К.В., Лукашкин М.А., Голухова Е.З. Микроэмболия как главная причина церебральных осложнений при операциях с искусственным кровообращением. Практическая ангиология. 2009; 3 (1).
34. Golukhova E.Z., Polunina A.G., Lefterova N.P., Begachev A.V. Electroencephalography as a tool for assessment of brain ischemic alterations after open heart operations. Stroke Res. Treat. 2011; 2011: 980873.
35. Verdecchia P., Porcellati C., Reboldi G., Gattobigio R., Borgioni C., Pearson T.A., Ambrosio G., Ambrosio G. Left ventricular hypertrophy as an independent predictor of acute cerebrovascular events in essential hypertension. Circulation. 2001; 13: 2039–44.
36. Vasan R.S., Larson M.G., Benjamin E.J., Evans J.C., Levy D. Left ventricular dilatation and the risk of congestive heart failure in people without myocardial infarction. N. Engl. J. Med. 1997; 13: 1350–5.
37. Anselmino M., De Ferrari G.M., Massa R., Manca L., Tritto M., Molon G., Curnis A., Devecchi P., Sarzi Braga S., Bartesaghi G., Klersy C., Accardi F., Salerno-Uriarte J.A. ALPHA Study Group Investigators. Predictors of mortality and hospitalization for cardiac causes in patients with heart failure and nonischemic heart disease: a subanalysis of the ALPHA study. Pacing Clin. Pathophysiol. 2009; 13 (Suppl. 1): S214–8.
38. Jefferson A.L., Himali J.J., Au R., Seshadri S., Decarli C., O'Donnell C.J., Wolf P.A., Manning W.J., Beiser A.S., Benjamin E.J. Relation of left ventricular ejection fraction to cognitive aging (from the Framingham Heart Study). Am. J. Cardiol. 2011; 13: 1346–51.
39. Athilingam P., King K.B. Heart and brain matters in heart failure: A literature review. J. N. Y. State Nurses Assoc. 2007; 38: 13–9.
40. Sila C.A. Cognitive impairment in chronic heart failure. Cleve. Clin. J. Med. 2007; 74 (Suppl. 1): S132–7.
41. Vogels R.L., Scheltens P., Schroeder-Tanka J.M., Weinstein H.C. Cognitive impairment in heart failure: A systematic review of the literature. Eur. J. Heart Fail. 2007; 9: 440–9.
42. Harkness K., Demers C., Heckman G.A., McKelvie R.S. Screening for cognitive deficits using the montreal cognitive assessment tool in outpatients ≥65 years of age with heart failure. Am. J. Cardiol. 2011; 107: 1203–7.
43. Hajduk A.M., Kiefe C.I., Person Sh.D., Gore J.G., Saczynski J.S. Cognitive change in heart failure: A systematic review. Circ. Cardiovasc. Qual. Outcomes. 2013; 6 (4): 10.
44. Шестакова М.В., Василенко А.Ф., Григоричева Е.А., Карпова М.И., Шамуров Ю.С., Епанешникова Н.В., Истомина В.В. Когнитивные функции у пациентов с хронической сердечной недостаточностью. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. 2014; 6: 70–3.
45. Nagai M., Kario K. Ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and their effects on cognitive function. Nihon Rinsho. 2014; 72 (4): 715–20.
46. Kindermann I., Fischer D., Karbach J., Link A., Walenta K., Barth C., Ukena C., Mahfoud F., Kцllner V., Kindermann M., Bцhm M. Cognitive function in patients with decompensated heart failure: the Cognitive Impairment in Heart Failure (CogImpair- HF) study. Eur. J. Heart Fail. 2012; 14 (4): 404–13.
