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Occlusive carotid disease assessment: history and new diagnostic technologies

Authors: Vishnyakova M.V. (Jr.)

Company: Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute named after M.F. Vladimirskiy, ulitsa Shchepkina, 61/2, Moscow, 129110, Russian Federation

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Type:  New diagnostic techniques in cardiology


DOI: https://doi.org/10.24022/1997-3187-2017-11-3-247-261

For citation: Vishnyakova M.V., Jr. Occlusive carotid disease assessment: history and new diagnostic technologies. Kreativnaya Kardiologiya (Creative Cardiology). 2017; 11 (3): 247–61 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24022/ 1997-3187-2017-11-2-247-261

Received / Accepted:  August 16, 2017 / August 25, 2017

Keywords: occlusive carotid disease history of diagnostic techniques angiography ultrasound computed angiography magnetic resonance angiography

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Abstract

Ischemic stroke is still one of the most important problems in modern medicine. Approximately half of all cases are caused by carotid occlusive disease. There are several diagnostic methods for evaluation of atherosclerotic changes in vessels, each of them has advantages and disadvantages. The role of carotid arteries in cerebral circulation was studied during several centuries and finally the relationship between carotid occlusion (later – also stenosis) and neurological symptoms was proved. XX century was landmark for first angiograms with carotid assessment and performance of first surgical reconstruction of affected vessels. During second part of XX century a huge growth of carotid surgical reconstructions was observed. This situation led to formation of two big randomized studies NASCET (North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial) and ECST (European Carotid Surgery Trial), and their results defined management strategy for years to come. Development of modern visualization methods – ultrasound examination, computed tomography and magnetic resonance, draw back the catheter angiography from the leading place in preoperative carotid evaluation. Nowadays a clinician has got a spectrum of diagnostic methods for assessment of atherosclerotic changes in carotid arteries. Only ultrasound examination is included in compulsory preoperative evaluation. Modern scientific studies show that noninvasive methods such as computed and magnetic resonance angiography are able to add much information in preoperative assessment.

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About Authors

  • Vishnyakova Marina Valentinovna (Jr.), Cand. Med. Sc., Senior Researcher, orcid.org/0000-0003-3838-636X

Chief Editor

Leo A. Bockeria, MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Academician of Russian Academy of Sciences, President of Bakoulev National Medical Research Center for Cardiovascular Surgery


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