Register
Forgot your password?

New coronavirus infection COVID-19: the view of сardiologists (review)

Authors: Golukhova E.Z. 1, Sokolova N.Yu. 12, Bulaeva N.I. 1

Company: 1 Bakoulev National Medical Research Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Moscow, 121552, Russian Federation 2 Tver’ «Regional Clinical Hospital», Tver’, Region Tver’, 170036, Russian Federation

For correspondence:  Sign in or register.

Type:  Editorial article


DOI: https://doi.org/10.24022/1997-3187-2020-14-1-5-15

For citation: Golukhova E.Z., Sokolova N.Yu., Bulaeva N.I. New coronavirus infection COVID-19: the view of сardiologists (review). Creative Cardiology. 2020; 14 (1): 5–15 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24022/1997-3187-2020-14-1-5-15

Received / Accepted:  08.04.2020 / 08.04.2020

Keywords: COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 cardiovascular disease new coronavirus infection coronavirus

Full text:  

 

Abstract

In the midst of the global pandemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, development of approaches taking into account the prevailing realities, in the clinical management of special groups of patients comprise a special need. Obviously, that patients with structural heart disease are high risk for adverse outcomes from the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) based on their advanced age and numerous comorbidities. Mortality from COVID-19 in patients aged 70 to 79 years reaches ≥ 8%, aged ≥ 80 years – 14.8%, in the presence of concomitant cardiovascular diseases, regardless of age, up to 10.5%. The main goal in current situation is to ensure timely treatment of cardiac patients, reduce the risk of expose COVID-19, both patients and medical personnel, and optimize the limited resources.

References

  1. Huang C., Wang Y., Li X. et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020; 395: 497–506. DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30183-5
  2. Driggin E., Madhavan M.V., Bikdeli B., Chuich T., Laracy J. et al. Cardiovascular considerations for patients, health care workers, and health systems during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.03.031
  3. World Health Organization. WHO DirectorGeneral's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 – 11 March 2020. https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-... (accessed March 12, 2020).
  4. Coronavirus COVID-19 Global Cases by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University (JHU). https://coronavirus.jhu.edu (accessed March 20, 2020).
  5. Kiselev O.I., Ershov F.I., Malyy V.P., Sologub T.V., Romantsov M.G. (Eds.) Influenza A/H1N1 as a typical emergent infection (virological, clinical and epidemiological features, issues of therapy and prevention): a manual for doctors. St. Petersburg, Kharkiv; Uzhgorod; 2009
  6. Chuchalin A.G. Influenza: lessons from a pandemic. Pulmonology. Influenza A / H1N1: Lessons from a Pandemic. 2010: 3–8
  7. Rapezzi C., Ferrari R. The cardiologist at the time of coronavirus: a perfect storm. Eur. Heart J. 2020; 41 (13): 1320–2. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa233
  8. Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Emergency Response Epidemiology Team. Vital surveillances: the epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19)-China, 2020. China CDC Weekly. 2020; 2 (8): 113–22.
  9. Smeeth L., Thomas S.L., Hall A.J., Hubbard R., Farrington P., Vallance P. Risk of myocardial infarction and stroke after acute infection or vaccination. N. Engl. J. Med. 2004; 351: 2611–8. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa041747
  10. Davis M.M., Taubert K., Benin A.L., Brown D.W., Mensah G.A., Baddour L.M. et al. Influenza vaccination as secondary prevention for cardiovascular disease: a science advisory from the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology. Circulation. 2006; 114: 1549–53. DOI: 10.1161/ CIRCULATIONAHA.106.178242
  11. Wu Z., McGoogan J.M. Characteristics of and important lessons from the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. JAMA. 2020; 323 (13): 1239–42. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.2648
  12. Su S., Wong G., Shi W. et al. Epidemiology, genetic recombination, and pathogenesis of coronaviruses. Trends Microbiol. 2016; 24: 490–502. DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2016.03.003
  13. Zhou P., Yang X.L., Wang X.G. et al. A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature. 2020; 579. DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2012-7
  14. Ching S.F., Hayes L.W., Slakey L.L. Angiotensin-converting enzyme in cultured endothelial cells. Synthesis, degradation and transfer to culture medium. Arteriosclerosis. 1983; 3: 581–8. DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.3.6.581
  15. Tikhomirova V.E., Kost O.A., Kryukova O.V., Golukhova E.Z., Bulaeva N.I., Zholbaeva A.Z. et al. ACE phenotyping in human heart. PLoS ONE. 2017; 12 (8): e0181976. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181976
  16. Turner A.J., Hiscox J.A., Hooper N.M. ACE2: from vasopeptidase to SARS virus receptor. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 2004; 25: 291–4. DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2004.04.001
  17. Zheng Y., Ma Y., Zhang J. et al. COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system. Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 2020. DOI: 10.1038/s41569-020-0360-5
  18. Kuba K., Imai Y., Rao S., Gao H., Guo F., Guan B. et al. A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury. Nature Med. 2005; 11 (8): 875–9. DOI: 10.1038/nm1267. PMID 16007097
  19. HFSA/ACC/AHA Statement Addresses Concerns Re: Using RAAS Antagonists inCOVID-19. https://www.acc.org/latest-in-cardiology/articles/2020/03/17/08/59/hfsa-acc-aha-statementaddresses-c... (accessed March 19, 2020).
  20. A statement from the International Society of Hypertension on COVID-19. https://ish-world.com/news/a/A-statement-from-the-InternationalSociety-of-Hypertension-on-COVID-19 ( accessed March 20, 2020).
  21. Statement of the European Society of Hyper-tension (ESH) on hypertension, Renin Angiotensin System blockers and COVID-19 https://www.eshonline.org/spotlights/esh-statement-on-covid-19 ( accessed April 8, 2020).
  22. Statement by the Russian Society of Cardiology on hypertension, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers and COVID-19. https://covid19cvd-almazovcentre.ru/obzor/tpost/bh6ij4jgkc-ingibitori-apf-blokatori-retseptorovang (accessed March 19, 2020).
  23. Mourad J.-J., Levy B.I. Interaction between RAAS inhibitors and ACE2 in the context of COVID-19. Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 2020. DOI: 10.1038/s41569-020-0368-x
  24. Frequently asked questions on middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). 2014. World Health Organization. 9 May 2014. https://www.who.int/csr/disease/coronavirus_infections/faq-09-may-2014/en/ (accessed March 20, 2020).
  25. Alhogbani T. Acute myocarditis associated with novel Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Ann. Saudi Med. 2016; 36: 78–80. DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.2016.78
  26. Wang D., Hu B., Hu Ch. et al. Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA. 2020; 323 (11): 1061–9. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.1585
  27. Zhou F., Yu T., Du R. et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet. 2020. DOI: DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3
  28. Liu K., Fang Y.Y., Deng Y. et al. Clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus cases in tertiary hospitals in Hubei Province. Chin. Med. J. (Engl.).2020. DOI: DOI: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000744
  29. Xu Z., Shi L., Wang Y. et al. Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Lancet Respir. Med. 2020; 8 (4). DOI: 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30076-X
  30. Liu Y., Yang Y., Zhang C. et al. Clinical and biochemical indexes from 2019-nCoV infected patients linked to viral loads and lung injury. Sci. China Life Sci. 2020; 63: 364–74. DOI: 10.1007/s11427-020-1643-8
  31. Wong. C.K., Lam C.W.K., Wu A.K.L., Ip W.K., Lee N.L.S., Chan I.H.S. et al. Plasma inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in severe acute respiratory syndrome. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 2004; 136: 95–103. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2004.02415.x
  32. Wood S. COVID-19 and the heart: insights from the front lines. https://www.tctmd.com/news/covid-19-and-heart-insights-front-lines (accessed March 15, 2020).
  33. Yang X., Yu Y., Xu J. et al. Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARSCoV2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. Lancet Respir. Med. 2020. DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(20)30079-5
  34. Chen C., Zhou Y., Wang D.W. SARS-CoV-2: a potential novel etiology of fulminant myocarditis.Herz. 2020. DOI: 10.1007/s00059-020-04909-z
  35. Zompatori M., Ciccarese F., Fasano L. Overview of current lung imaging in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Eur. Respir. Rev. 2014; 23: 519–30. DOI: 10.1183/09059180.00001314
  36. Tang N., Li D., Wang X., Sun Z. Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia. J. Thromb. Haemost. 2020; 18 (4): 844–7. DOI: 10.1111/jth.14768
  37. Fan B.E., Chong V.C.L., Chan S.S.W. et al. Hematologic parameters in patients with COVID-19 infection. Am. J. Hematol. 2020. DOI: 10.1002/ajh.25774
  38. Shanghai Clinical Treatment Expert Group for COVID-19. Comprehensive treatment and management of coronavirus disease 2019: expert consensus statement from Shanghai (in Chinese). Chin. J. Infect. 2020; 38.
  39. Iba T., Levy J.H., Warkentin T.E. et al. Diagnosis and management of sepsis-induced coagulopathy and disseminated intravascular coagulation. J. Thromb. Haemost. 2019; 17 (11): 1989–94. DOI: 10.1111/jth.14578
  40. Iba T., Nisio M.D., Levy J.H., Kitamura N., Thachil J. New criteria for sepsis-induced coagulopathy (SIC) following the revised sepsis definition: a retrospective analysis of a nationwide survey. BMJ Open. 2017; 7 (9): e017046. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017046
  41. Levi M., van der Poll T. Coagulation and sepsis.Thromb. Res. 2017; 149: 38–44. DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2016.11.007
  42. Schmitt F.C.F., Manolov V., Morgenstern J. et al. Acute fibrinolysis shutdown occurs early in septic shock and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality: results of an observational pilot study. Ann. Intensive Care. 2019; 9 (1): 19. DOI: 10.1186/s13613-019-0499-6
  43. Tang N., Bai H., Chen X., Gong J., Li D., Sun Z. Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy. JTH. 2020. DOI: 10.1111/jth.14817
  44. Gupta N., Zhao Y.Y., Evans C.E. The stimulation of thrombosis by hypoxia. Thromb. Res. 2019; 181: 77–83. DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2019.07.013
  45. Luo W., Yu H., Gou J., Li X., Sun Y., Li J., Liu L. Clinical pathology of critical patient with novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19): first case of the whole lung biopsy. Preprints. 2020. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.22934.29762
  46. Shlyakhto E.V., Konradi A.O. Villeval'de S.V., Zvartau N.E., Yakovlev A.N. et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of circulatory system diseases (BSC) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic (short version). https://scardio.ru/content/Guidelines/COVID-19.pdf. 2020 (accessed March 23, 2020)
  47. Temporary guidelines of the Ministry of Health of Russia “Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19)”, version 4 of 03/27/2020. https://static-3.rosminzdrav.ru/system/attachments/attaches/000/049/877/original/COVID19_recomend_v4... (accessed March 28, 2020)
  48. Prescribing information. Brilinta (ticagrelor). Wilmington, DE: AstraZeneca LP, 07/2011. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022433Orig1s000Lbl.pdf (accessed March 22, 2020).
  49. Product monograph. Brilinta (ticagrelor). Mississauga, Ontario, Canada: AstraZeneca Canada Inc.,May 2011. https://www.astrazeneca.ca/content/am/azca/downloads/productinformation/brilinta-product%20monograph-en.pdf (accessed March 22, 2020).
  50. Handbook of COVID-19 prevention and treatment (2020). 16 COVID-19 procedures for hospitals (according to clinical experience from FAHZU). https://www.process.st/covid-19-procedures (accessed March 25, 2020).
  51. KALETRA(R) oral film coated tablets, oral solution, lopinavir ritonavir oral film coated tablets, oral solution. Product Insert. AbbVie Inc. (per FDA), North Chicago, IL, 2013. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2010/021906s026lbl.pdf (accessed March 22, 2020).
  52. Page R.L., 2nd, O'Bryant C.L., Cheng D. et al. Drugs that may cause or exacerbate heart failure: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2016; 134: e32–69. DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000426
  53. Tonnesmann E., Kandolf R., Lewalter T. Chloroquine cardiomyopathy – a review of the lite-rature. Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol. 2013; 35: 434–42. DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2013.780078
  54. Wu Q. Zhou L., Sun X. et al. Altered lipid metabolism in recovered SARS patients twelve years after infection. Sci. Rep. 2017; 7 (1): 9110. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09536-z
  55. Welt F.G.P., Shah P.B., Aronow H.D., Bortnick A.E., Henry T.D. Catheterization laboratory considerations during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic: from ACC's interventional council and SCAI. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2020. DOI: 10.1016/ j.jacc.2020.03.021

About Authors

  • Natal’ya Yu. Sokolova, Cand. Med. Sc., SPIN: 6801-7937, ORCID
  • Elena Z. Golukhova, Dr. Med. Sc., Professor, Academician of Russian Academy of Sciences, SPIN: 9334-5672, ORCID
  • Naida I. Bulaeva, Cand. Biol. Sc., Senior Researcher, Cardiologist, SPIN: 8979-7098, ORCID

Chief Editor

Leo A. Bockeria, MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Academician of Russian Academy of Sciences, President of Bakoulev National Medical Research Center for Cardiovascular Surgery


Sort by