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Clinical features and biochemical profile of frail patients prior to planned percutaneous coronary intervention

Authors: Krivoshapova К.E., Neeshpapa A.G., Tsygankova D.P., Bazdyrev E.D., Karetnikova V.N., Barbarash O.L.

Company: Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russian Federation

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Type:  Original articles


DOI: https://doi.org/10.24022/1997-3187-2024-18-4-459-469

For citation: Krivoshapova К.E., Neeshpapa A.G.,Tsygankova D.P., Bazdyrev E.D., Karetnikova V.N., Barbarash O.L. Clinical features and biochemical profile of frail patients prior to planned percutaneous coronary intervention. Creative Cardiology. 2024; 18 (4): 459–469 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24022/1997-3187-2024-18-4-459-469

Received / Accepted:  09.09.2024 / 07.10.2024

Keywords: prefrailty frailty syndrome coronary artery disease percutaneous coronary intervention biological markers

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Abstract

The aim of the study was to analyze the prevalence of prefrailty and frailty syndrome (FS) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and clinical and biological characteristics of frail patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Material and methods. the study included 78 patients with CAD who were admitted to the clinic to undergo PCI. To detect prefrailty and FS in patients, we used a short physical performance test battery (10–12 points – no FS, 8–9 points – prefrailty, 7 or less points – FS). We used the RayBio® Human ELISA Kit (USA), a highly sensitive and highly specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, to determine the concentration of biological markers of inflammation (IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-15, TNF-α) and bone, muscle, and fat remodeling (leptin, calcitonin, osteoprotegerin, osteocalcin, myostatin) in the serum of patients in the study sample.

Results. taking into account the test battery score, the prevalence of FS in patients with CAD before elective PCI was 24.4%, the prevalence of prefrailty was 33.3%. According to the results of the study, older women with type 2 diabetes in history were significantly more likely to be frail. Studying a wide range of biological markers of inflammation and musculoskeletal and fat remodeling, we noted lower levels of calcitonin (2.60 [1.50–5.85] pg/mL, p = 0.018) and osteoprotegerin (0.80 [0.60–1.20] ng/mL, p = 0.025) in the serum of frail patients with CAD. Later we confirmed the results by correlation analysis. Moreover, we found an association between FS and higher serum leptin levels in patients with CAD before elective PCI.

Conclusion. the results of the study confirm the high prevalence of prefrailty (33.3%) and FS (24.4%) in patients with CAD. Older women with a type 2 diabetes in history were significantly more likely to be frail. At the same time, the presence of FS is associated with lower levels of calcitonin and osteoprotegerin, and higher levels of leptin in the serum of frail patients before elective PCI.

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About Authors

  • Kristina E. Krivoshapova, Cand. Med. Sci., Senior Researcher; ORCID, e-mail: ya.kristi89@yandex.ru
  • Anastasiya G. Neeshpapa, Cand. Med. Sci., Researcher; ORCID
  • Darya P. Tsygankova, Dr. Med. Sci., Leading Researcher; ORCID
  • Evgeny D. Bazdyrev, Dr. Med. Sci., Head of the Laboratory of Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases; ORCID
  • Victoria N. Karetnikova, Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Circulatory Pathology; ORCID
  • Olga L. Barbarash, Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director; ORCID

Chief Editor

Leo A. Bockeria, MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Academician of Russian Academy of Sciences, President of Bakoulev National Medical Research Center for Cardiovascular Surgery


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