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The role of mitral annular disjunction and mitral valve prolapse in the arytmogenesis of ventricular arrhythmias

Authors: Ryzhova T.S., Khotsanyan C.V., Bulaeva N.I.

Company: Bakоulev National Medical Research Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Moscow, Russian Federation

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Type:  Reviews


DOI: https://doi.org/10.24022/1997-3187-2024-18S-S34-S42

For citation: Ryzhova T.S., Khotsanyan C.V., Bulaeva N.I. The role of mitral annular disjunction and mitral valve prolapse |in the arytmogenesis of ventricular arrhythmias. Creative Cardiology. 2024; 18 (Special Issue): S34–S42 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24022/1997-3187-2024-18S-S34-S42

Received / Accepted:  02.10.2024 / 23.10.2024

Keywords: mitral annular disjunction arrhythmic mitral valve prolapse arrhythmic risk sudden cardiac death

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Abstract

Mitral annular disjunction (MAD) is a systolic atrial displacement of the hinge point of the posterior mitral valve, characterized by a distinct separation of the mitral valve ring, the wall of the left atrium and the basal part of the left ventricular myocardium. This anomaly has a complex heterogeneous structure with significant individual variations and is characterized by paradoxical dynamics of the fibrous ring during the cardiac cycle, which leads to abnormal mechanical stress on valvular and subvalvular structures and creates prerequisites for the formation of myocardial fibrosis, acting as an arrhythmogenic substrate. Increased interest in disjunction is associated with confirmation of the association of MAD with ventricular arrhythmias, sudden cardiovascular death and arrhythmogenic mitral valve prolapse (MVP).

This review covers the main aspects related to MAD, concerning the peculiarities of its distribution in the population, structure and dynamics during the cardiac cycle, as well as the relationship with PMK and the role in the arimogenesis of ventricular arrhythmias.

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About Authors

  • Taisia S. Ryzhova, resident; ORCID
  • Chinara V. Khotsanyan, Cand. Med. Sci., Cardiologist; ORCID
  • Naida I. Bulaeva, Cand. Biol. Sci., Associate Professor, Head of the Department, Cardiologist; ORCID

Chief Editor

Elena Z. Golukhova, MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Academician of Russian Academy of Sciences, Director of Bakoulev National Medical Research Center for Cardiovascular Surgery


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