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Natural pathophysiological processes of heart aging as a factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases

Authors: Stepanova N.M., Serguladze S.Yu.

Company: Bakoulev National Medical Research Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Moscow, 121552, Russian Federation

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Type:  Reviews


DOI: https://doi.org/10.24022/1997-3187-2021-15-1-72-86

For citation: Stepanova N.M., Serguladze S.Yu. Natural pathophysiological processes of heart aging as a factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Creative Cardiology. 2021; 15 (1): 72–86 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24022/1997-3187-2021-15-1-72-86

Received / Accepted:  19.03.2021 / 26.03.2021

Keywords: heart pathophysiology of aging atrial fibrillation heart failure frailty

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Abstract

An increase in the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is directly associated with a patient's age. CVD occur as a result of various modifiable (lifestyle) and non-modifiable (age and heredity) risk factors. An increase in the life expectancy as well as in the percentage of the elderly population in the developed countries has attract-ed the attention of researchers to the role of unmodifiable risk factors in the development of CVD. During the process of aging, changes affect micro- and macroscopic levels of the cardiovascular system, calcium homeostasis, regulation of the adrenergic and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone systems, and normal functioning of intracellular structures. They lead to the age-related myocardial remodeling, disruption of the cardiac conduction system, and changes in the systolic and diastolic functions of the heart. Structural and functional alterations of vessels accumulate throughout life, culminating in increased risk of developing CVD. The average age of the world's population is increasing at an unprecedented rate and this increase is changing the world. This "silver tsunami" emphasizes the need to provide advanced training in epidemiology and increase the cadre of experts in the study of aging. This review analyses studies performed to investigate the mechanisms of the pathophysiological processes of natural heart aging and their role in the development of CVD.

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About Authors

  • Nadezhda M. Stepanova, Postgraduate, ORCID
  • Sergey Yu. Serguladze, Dr. Med. Sc., Senior Researcher, Head of Department, ORCID

Chief Editor

Leo A. Bockeria, MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Academician of Russian Academy of Sciences, President of Bakoulev National Medical Research Center for Cardiovascular Surgery


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